Experimental study of high-speed broaching processes (BAV) in the machining of heat-resistant materials - MetalWorking

2022-07-15 23:20:54 By : Ms. Judy Xin

The continuous improvement of cutting tools is one of the main challenges facing tool manufacturers.To do this, multiple tests are carried out, in order to validate new tools that provide a solution to the machining of new alloys with low machinability.At the CFAA, there is adequate instrumentation to study the technological suitability of new cutting tools, in heat resistant super alloys (HRSA).In this work, the influence that the different characteristics of the broaches have on machining, such as the coating or the rounding of the cutting edges, is analyzed.The COVID-19 pandemic was a severe blow to the national industry, in terms of growth and development.However, the industrial sector is gradually recovering and the prospects for 2022 and 2023 are favorable, where the increase in the population and its mobility will play an important role in the recovery of multiple sectors, such as aeronautics and energy.The production of components for turbo machinery and power plants are among the sectors in which the return to normality will have the greatest impact.In both sectors, the most critical parts are the moving components, because they must withstand high mechanical and thermal loads during service.In addition, the increase in efficiency brings with it more extreme operating conditions, and therefore, it is necessary to incorporate new materials with better mechanical characteristics that withstand these conditions.The so-called Heat Resistant Super Alloys (HRSA) are capable of withstanding operating conditions of 600-1,000 °C and with an approximate decrease in their mechanical properties of only 15% [1].The most widely used are nickel-based alloys, such as Inconel 718, Rene' 104 or IN100PM, which, on the other hand, have relatively low machinability.The high specific cutting force, characteristic of this type of material, generates high thermomechanical loads during machining, which lead to premature wear or breakage of the cutting tool.Due to this problem, the cutting conditions are limited to guarantee the surface quality of the piece at the expense of the productivity of the process.In the search for improvements that allow the chip extraction ratios to be increased, it has been decided to study the adaptation of specific parameters of the tools with which to reduce the impact that the material has on the tool, and thus increase the useful life of the tool. tool and consequently the performance of the machining process.At the Center for Advanced Aeronautical Manufacturing (CFAA), different tests have been carried out to improve the performance of cutting tools, including specifically those for the broaching process.Broaching is a very specific operation with a high added value in the manufacture of rotating components.It is a process that allows complex geometries to be generated quickly and safely, obtaining very tight tolerances and small roughness, thanks to the rigidity of the process.During the process, the multi-tooth tool progressively removes material along the vertical or horizontal movement, due to the difference in height between each cutting edge [2].The objective of the tests carried out is to analyze the influence that certain parameters of the tools have on the improvement of the cutting process of materials with low machinability.In this case, the influence of two different titanium aluminum nitride coatings on hard metal broaches when Inconel 718 is machined has been analyzed. In addition, the rounding of the broach edges has also been analyzed before starting the tests. to represent the influence that the process can have.Therefore, an Inconel 718 disk has been arranged, similar to the turbine disks that are machined in the aeronautical sector, with an outer diameter of Ø500 mm and an inner diameter of Ø370 mm, with a thickness of 34 mm.The broaching process is carried out under conditions representative of the aeronautical manufacturing industry.Cutting oils are used as coolant and a cutting speed suitable for the tool and workpiece material is applied, which in this case is Vc = 18 m/min.The wear is measured through an electronic microscope, which allows control of the wear of all the edges of the tool throughout the broaching cycle.A profilometer is used to measure the initial rounding of all broach edges.After the test, it is observed that both broaches have a similar wear tendency, and that after 1,500 mechanized mm, their tendency stabilizes.The first coating has better performance than the second, which allows it to extract a higher rate of material.On the other hand, the variation of the rounding of the cutting edges of each tool is also analyzed if it has an effect on the development of flank wear.In general, increasing the radii of the cutting edge reduces the stress gradients along the cutting edge compared to a sharp edge.As for the thermal loads, these are greater with the increase in rounding, but they are compensated by also increasing the surface on which the heat generated can be dissipated.Both effects complement each other, and the ideal rounding value is obtained through an iterative process [3].It is observed that for the first coating, the best result is obtained in the teeth that have a roundness of 0.07 mm, with a wear around 0.13 mm.While, for the second coating, the most favorable rounding is 0.04 mm, with a wear of 0.17 mm.The following conclusions have been obtained from the study:As a result of these results, it is necessary to carry out a detailed study on which combination of coating and edge rounding is the best for broaching heat-resistant materials.[1] RE Schafrik, DD Ward, and JR Groh, 'Application of alloy 718 in GE aircraft engines: past, present and next five years', Proc.Int. Symp.Superalloys Var.Deriv., vol.1, p.1–11, 2001, doi:10.7449/2001/superalloys_2001_1_11.[2] PJ Arrazola, J. Rech, R. M'Saoubi, and D. Axinte, 'Broaching: Cutting tools and machine tools for manufacturing high quality features in components', CIRP Ann., vol.69, no.2, p.554–577, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.cirp.2020.05.010.[3] B. Denkena and D. Biermann, 'Cutting edge geometries', CIRP Ann.- Manuf.Technol., vol.63, no.2, p.631–653, 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.cirp.2014.05.009.Ander del Olmo.Researcher at the CFAA, belonging to the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)Industrial Engineer specializing in manufacturing and industrial design.His research activity is dedicated to the optimization and productivity increase of cutting tools.Experience in CAD/CAM design and broaching of heat resistant super alloys (HRSA).Gonzalo Martinez de Pisson.Researcher at the CFAA, belonging to the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)Industrial Engineer specializing in manufacturing and industrial design.Extensive experience in CAD/CAM design.His research activity is focused on the optimization of cutting paths and the design of tools.Jon Anderson Ealo.Researcher at the CFAA, belonging to the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)PhD Industrial Engineer.Specialized in dynamic analysis of machine-tool structures in machining operations and extensive experience in turning heat resistant super alloys (HRSA).The comments are the opinion of the users and not that of the portal.Insulting, racist or contrary to current laws are not allowed.Comments that are not related to the news/article, or that do not comply with the Legal Notice and the Data Protection Policy, will not be published.Legal Warnings and Basic Information on Personal Data Protection: Responsible for the Processing of your Personal Data: Interempresas Media, SLU Purposes: Manage contact with you. Conservation: We will keep your data for the duration of the relationship with you, then they will be saved, duly blocked .Rights: You can exercise your rights of access, rectification, deletion and portability and those of limitation or opposition to treatment, and contact the DPD through lopd@interempresas.net.If you consider that the treatment does not comply with current regulations, you can file a claim with the AEPD.Subscribe to our Newsletter - See exampleI authorize the sending of newsletters and personalized informative notices from interempresas.netI authorize the sending of communications from third parties via interempresas.netI have read and accept the Legal notice and the Data protection policymagnet magnetic dishesVollmer Iberian, SLUFom Industrie Spain, SLU“We have not been affected by supply problems or logistics deadlines”Real-time information available at a glance empowers operators, leading to greater efficiency, productivity and safety"The fourth digital revolution has already arrived and will mean an unprecedented transformation of our industry"“In many environments and vertical sectors, there is a lot of work, both for people and for intelligent robots”© 2019 - Interempresas Media, SLU - Nova Àgora Group