General Archive of the Nation (September 28, 2021) On September 28, 1821, one day after the triumphal entry of the Trigarante Army that marked the victory of the fight for Independence, the Act of Independence was drawn up and drafted in two copies. of the Mexican Empire, signed by the members of the Sovereign Provisional Governing Board, a provisional government body made up of 38 aristocrats selected by Agustín de Iturbide.One copy was delivered to the Board that represented the legislative power, this copy accompanied the legislature until it was devoured by the fire that consumed the legislative precinct of the National Palace in 1909. The other copy was destined for the Government, but in 1830 it was stolen and sold, and from then on began a long journey between the American and European continents, it became part of the collection of Maximilian of Habsburg and finally came into the possession of the family of Florencio Gavito Bustillo, who defined in his testamentary will that the Act be returned to the Mexican State, which took place on November 21, 1961, when his son Florencio Gavito Jáuregui handed it over to the president of the republic Adolfo López Mateos, at which time the National Museum of History, by management of its then owner Antonio Arriaga, had concluded the authenticity of the document after an analysis carried out by Ernesto Lemoine, then head of investigationhistorical ations of the General Archive of the Nation (AGN), and Guadalupe Pérez San Vicente, specialist in paleography and organization of archives of the National Autonomous University of Mexico.After an exhibition stay at the National Museum of the History of Chapultepec Castle, it was admitted to the General Archive of the Nation, where it is currently preserved in its security vault, a space where the most valuable jewels of the Historical Heritage that the AGN protects are guarded. .The original preserved document measures 72.2 cm.tall and 53.4 cm.wide, in whose body the main text was written with brown ink and signed with different shades of brown.The Act of Independence on a thick paper support of manual manufacture and from rag fibers.It also has an auxiliary support on the back of a thin brown textile, whose weft is one weft thread for one warp thread (fabric known as taffeta).The remains of adhesive and paper on the edges allow us to infer that it must have been adhered to some other support, paper or cardboard.The passage of time has made a dent in the support, as it has a stain in the lower left corner (due to humidity or oxidation), breaks and missing parts in the upper and lower edges, missing in the corners, with the exception of the upper right.On the back there are two marks: one with a 6 x 6.5 cm piece of paper.with the stamp of the bookplate of Maximiliano, which at its base indicates "Equity in justice" and a stamp of the Gabriel Sánchez bookstore in Madrid.On the occasion of the bicentennial of the beginning of the movement for independence, new interdisciplinary scientific studies were carried out with the highest rigor by restorers, conservators, historians, photographers, chemists, biologists and nuclear physicists, without compromising in any way the material integrity of the document.The study of the chromatic composition has been fundamental to monitor the variation of the color of the document as an expression of deterioration and transformation of the roughness of the material.Ultraviolet and infrared photographic records have allowed us to capture invisible elements such as fingerprints, splashes, stains, swept and old inks, areas of abrasion, lint and accumulated dirt.The vacuum scanning electron microscope has revealed the good general state of conservation of the paper fibers, with the exception of the edges.In short, the recent scientific analyzes with the most advanced techniques have confirmed the authenticity of the document and its general state of conservation, although with a natural deterioration typical of the passage of time and handling.Such studies have made it possible to generate mechanisms for their protection.To that end, the Declaration of Independence has been hermetically encapsulated to ensure preservation.The first time in 2010 and the second in 2017 with the support of the UNAM Faculty of Engineering.The process consisted of protecting the document in a structure with a special glass to protect it from ultraviolet rays, from which all the air is extracted and in its place hydrated inert gas is injected, which allows the document to be isolated from the environment. all its elements (supports and inks).The encapsulation system has sensors that allow monitoring the status of relative humidity and temperature in real time.This procedure ensures the preservation of the founding document of the Mexican nation, which has immeasurable historical value and is a source of identity and pride for Mexican men and women.Your email address will not be published.Required fields are marked with *Save my name, email and website in this browser for the next time I comment.Publishing company with more than 43 years of experience, which is responsible for spreading the truth to its thousands of readers.PHONES 961-612-1136 961-614-5744 961-612-7515General Manager manager@diariodechiapas.com